Language Identity and the Politics of Belonging in Contemporary India: A Study with Reference to Raja Rao’s Kanthapura and Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things

The Criterion

The Criterion: An International Journal in English
Volume 17, Issue 3 · June 2026 · ISSN 0976-8165

Open Access
CC BY 4.0
Crossref DOI


Language Identity and the Politics of Belonging in Contemporary India: A Study with Reference to Raja Rao’s Kanthapura and Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things


Ms. Saloni

Indian Writing in English
Pages 331-342
Article #22
2026V17N3104

DOI

Digital Object Identifier

10.66376/criterion.v17.n3.22

Registered with Crossref · Open Access · CC BY 4.0

Abstract

In India, language has never been a neutral medium of communication. It has always been recognised as the site of identity formation, political contest and cultural belonging. This paper examines the relationship between language, regional identity and the politics of belonging in contemporary India. Two literary texts have been selected for research, namely Raja Rao’s Kanthapura (1938) and Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things (1997). These texts demonstrate the conflict between the aspiration for a unified national linguistic identity and the assertion of regional linguistic belonging. It has always been deeply institutionalised and internalised into the very texture of Indian literature.

Keywords
Language identityregional identityRaja RaoArundhati RoyLinguistic nationalismPostcolonial IndiaThree-language formulaState reorganisation.

Cite This Article — MLA 9th Edition

Ms. Saloni. “Language Identity and the Politics of Belonging in Contemporary India: A Study with Reference to Raja Rao’s Kanthapura and Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things.” The Criterion: An International Journal in English, vol. 17, no. 3, June 2026, pp. 331-342. DOI, https://doi.org/10.66376/criterion.v17.n3.22.

Article History
Received
24 May 2026
Accepted
25 Jun 2026
Published Online
30 Jun 2026

Journal
The Criterion: An International Journal in English
Volume / Issue
Vol. 17, No. 3 (June 2026)
Pages
331-342
Article ID
2026V17N3104
ISSN
0976-8165

Open Access
CC BY 4.0
Crossref DOI

Open Access · CC BY 4.0 · Crossref DOI ·
the-criterion.com

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