Banished the Realm: Obsolescence, Ill-Formedness, and Flat Grammaticality in Multilingual English Language Teaching

The Criterion

The Criterion: An International Journal in English
Volume 17, Issue 4 · August 2026 · ISSN 0976-8165

Open Access
CC BY 4.0
Crossref DOI


Banished the Realm: Obsolescence, Ill-Formedness, and Flat Grammaticality in Multilingual English Language Teaching


Mr. Sounak Das

Language & Linguistics
Pages 530-553
Article #32
2026V17N4081

DOI

Digital Object Identifier

10.66376/criterion.v17.n4.32

Registered with Crossref · Open Access · CC BY 4.0

Abstract

Grammaticality in English language teaching is treated as a binary property of sentences. This action research study puts that assumption under test. Eleven literature-trained teachers at an Indian tertiary institution judged ten sentences of sharply different formal status. The set ranged from Indian English contact features and a purely collocational deviation to an unparsable word string, and it included three passives with retained bare-NP complements that were standard in earlier English and that C. T. Onions records. Five items drew an identical profile: eleven rejections, no acceptances. Those five include the sole item with no possible parse and one historically standard sentence. Ninety-six of 110 judgements were rejections. Interviews show that judgement rested on familiarity and on inherited correction, not on structure. The paper names this response space flat grammaticality and traces its consequences for classroom correction and teacher education.

Keywords
grammaticality judgementteacher cognitionretained objectIndian Englishdiachronic syntaxacceptability gradience.

Cite This Article — MLA 9th Edition

Mr. Sounak Das. “Banished the Realm: Obsolescence, Ill-Formedness, and Flat Grammaticality in Multilingual English Language Teaching.” The Criterion: An International Journal in English, vol. 17, no. 4, August 2026, pp. 530-553. DOI, https://doi.org/10.66376/criterion.v17.n4.32.

Article History
Received
16 Jul 2026
Accepted
7 Aug 2026
Published Online
31 Aug 2026

Journal
The Criterion: An International Journal in English
Volume / Issue
Vol. 17, No. 4 (August 2026)
Pages
530-553
Article ID
2026V17N4081
ISSN
0976-8165

Open Access
CC BY 4.0
Crossref DOI

Open Access · CC BY 4.0 · Crossref DOI ·
the-criterion.com

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